Author: Grey
Adventurer, Private Investigator, Explorer, Treasure Hunter
An Interview With: Thilde Kold Holdt, Historical Fantasy Author
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PAITITI – Lost City Of Gold
- by Grey
PAITITI
The Lost City Of Gold
Overview
Incan legends tell of a lost city hidden in the remote rainforests of southeast Peru, northern Bolivia, or northwest Brazil where the hero Inkarri, after founding Q,ero and Cusco lived out the rest of his days in refuge.
For the invading Spanish it was a lost city of unimaginable wealth and riches which the spent years searching for, but has it ever been found?
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The Legend
One of the most famous legends of the Inca is that of the Inkarri myth, who upon the death of the last Inca ruler, Atahualpa, he vowed to return one day and avenge the Inca ruler’s death. As the Inkarri legend has been passed on orally for many generations there are many versions of the legend that exist.
Some say that Inkarri was killed by the Spaniards, his body parts buried in several places around the Inca kingdom: His head in the Presidential Palace in Lima, his arms under the Waqaypata (Square of Tears) in Cuzco, and his legs in Ayacucho.
A more popular version of the myth tells of Inkarri’s retreat to Paititi where he sought refuge to live out the rest of his days.
When the invading Spanish conquistadors heard of this secret refuge they believed it to be full of gold, jewels, and other riches in unimaginable quantities, placing the legend of Paititi alongside other cities of gold such as the well-known city of El Dorado.
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The Clues
A missionary in the 1600’s named Andres Lopez presented a report to the Pope in Rome recounting the tales from the natives who had described a large city rich in gold, silver, and jewels located in the middle of the tropical jungle called Paititi and how a miracle had been performed by a group of baptized Indians with a crucifix at the court of the king of this great city.
Though Lopez’s account was largely third-hand information it was widely publicized inspiring many to go in search of this lost city of gold and riches.
Various other documents began appearing after this between the 16th and 18th centuries which would refer to Paititi and it’s possible locations. Often these documents were regarding expeditions taken in search of the lost city.
Perhaps the most informative of these reports were those of Juan Álvarez Maldonado in 1570, Gregorio Bolivar in 1676, Juan Recio de León between 1623 – 1627, Juan de Ojeda in 1676, and Diego de Eguiluz in 1696.
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Previous Expeditions
Over the last 100 years alone there have been many expeditions attempted to located the lost city of Paititi.
1. Percy Harrison Fawcett searched in the area of Mato Grosso, Brasil
2. Hans Ertl searched in Bolivia
3. Carlos Neuenschwander Landa who searched in the Madre de Dios region of Cusco.
4. Bob Nichols, Serge Debru, and Georges Puel who searched the Rio Pantiacolla from Shintuya and never returned (confirmed dead)
5. Gregory Deyemenjian of The Explorers Club searched Mameria, Pusharo, Paratoari and others
6. Lars Hafskjold left from Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Peru into unexplored parts of Bolivia and never returned.
7. John Blashford-Snell discovered ruins in the jungle east of Lake Titicaca, Bolivia believed to be the same that Hans Ertl had discovered in 1955
8. Thierry Jamin investigated the site of Pantiacolla discovering Incan artefacts in the area.
9. Jacek Palkiewicz went in search of El Dorado (which he associated with Paititi) in the Peruvian Andes and Madre de Dios.
10. Gregory Deyemenjian and Mamani? Discovered significant Inca ruins along branches of the Inca Road of Stone at a peak known as Ultimo Punto in the northern part of Pantiacolla, Peru.
11. Thierry Jamin and Herbert Cartagena discovered and found and studied large geoglyphs in a valley nearby to the Pusharo petroglyphs in Manú, Peru which they claimed to be a map showing the location of Paititi.
12. Olly Steeds when in search of Paititi during the episode “Lost City of Gold” of Solving History with Olly Steeds.
13. Yuri Leveratto reached one of the Pyramids of Pantiacolla/Paratoari during his expeditions.
14. Kenneth Gawne, Lewis Knight, Ken Halfpenny, I. Gardiner, and Darwin Moscoso investigated the Pyramids of Paratoari as part of the documentary The Secret of the Incas.
15. Josh Gates went in search of Paititi in the City of Gold episode of Expedition Unknown.
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Conclusion
A hypothesis was put forward by Dr. Ari Siiriäinen and Dr. Martti Pärssinen, two researchers from the University of Helsinki in 2001 suggesting that Inca expeditions into the Amazonian jungle and Inca military presence in the region of Beni and the Madre de Dios Rivers were related to the Paititi legend. As such an expedition was carried out into the fortified site known as Las Piedras near Riberalta, Bolivia where they found fragments of imperial Inca ceramics.
2003 – 2007 Vera Tyuleneva suggested that “Paititi” was not a name of Peruvian origin and has taken expeditions with detailed written reports of her findings in northern Bolivia.
In 2007 large stone structures were found which resembled high walls covering an areas of 40,000 square meters. This structure is now known as the Manco Pata fortress. This fortress according to the local mayor could be part of the lost city of Paititi, although the Peruvian government’s National Institute of Culture (INC) has disputed this, claiming that the stone structures are formed from naturally occurring sandstone.
After conducting historical research, and comparing sites such as Vilcabamba, Peru and Mameria, an explorer by the name Andrew Nicol concluded that a remote jungle city or outpost such as the one described in the Paititi legends could theoretically exist within the Peruvian Amazon Basin in a region which is referred to as Antisuyu, one of the four regions of the Inca empire.
Vincent Pélissier’s video on YouTube detailing their findings and discovery.
In 2016 Vincent Pélissier claimed to have found the lost city of Paititi in July 2015. Pélissier expands on prior research including that of Thierry Jamin particularly that of the petroglyphs at Pusharo located on the south shore of the Palatoa River which Thierry believed to be a map to Paititi.
Pélissier claims to have been hacked and burgled as a result of his research which he states as proof of having found the lost city of Paititi using Google Earth screenshots and hand-crafted overlays which highlight rivers, mountain ranges, and supposed Inca roads.
What do you believe?
Sources & References
Information for this article has been provided by various sources and are referenced here:
Primary Source: Paititi – Wikipedia
Bibliography:
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- Andrew Nicol (2010). “Legends and New Research about Paititi, Peru’s Lost City of Gold“. Living in Peru.
- Andrew Nicol (2010). “Peru: The Trail to Paititi Archived 2010-10-02 at the Wayback Machine“. South American Explorers Magazine (94)
- Andrew Nicol (2009). “Paititi: The Last Secret Of The Incas?. A Critical Analysis Of The Legends Surrounding The Lost Inca City Of Gold.”. International Journal of South American Archaeology (5)
- Fernando Aparicio Bueno (1998). Paititi: Secret of El Dorado Legend.
- Gregory Deyermenjian (1999). “Glimmers of Paititi”. Mercator’s World. 4 (1). Archived from the original on June 30, 2003.
- Gregory Deyermenjian (2000). “The Petroglyphs of Pusharo: Peru’s Amazonian Riddle”. Athena Review. 2 (3). Archived from the original on 2009-04-27. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- Gregory Deyermenjian (1999). “On the Trail of Legends: Searching for Ancient Ruins East of the Andes”. GPS World. 10 (6): 20–29.
- Gregory Deyermenjian (1990). “The 1989 Toporake/Paititi Expedition: On the Trail of the Ultimate Refuge of the Incas”. The Explorers Journal. 68 (2): 74–83.
- Gregory Deyermenjian (2006). “In Search of Paititi: Following the Road of Stone into an Unknown Peru”. The Explorers Journal. 84 (1): 28–35.
- John Blashford-Snell and Richard Snailham (2003). East to the Amazon. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-6504-9.
- Jamin, Thierry & Ruquier, Pierre-Albert (2006). L’Eldorado Inca : A la recherche de Païtiti (in French). Paris: Hugo & Compagnie. ISBN 978-2-7556-0098-8.
- Jamin, Thierry (November 2007). Pusharo, la memoria recobrada de los Incas (in Spanish). Lima, Peru: Edisa. ISBN 978-9972-33566-2. OCLC 213862634.
- Tahir Shah (2004). House of the Tiger King: A Jungle Obsession. London: John Murray.
Other sources of information:
Inkarri: Wikipedia
More on Paititi: Forbes
Ancient Origins: Ancient Origins
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Written By
ADAM L C
Director of Areas Grey
Adam is an avid treasure hunter, seeker of adventure and the creator of Areas Grey. After travelling for almost half his life and cataloguing over 100 treasure legends along the way. He decided this was simply far too much treasure for one person to chase! As a result he created Areas Grey so he could share his stories, connect with other treasure hunters and put a little more adventure in the lives of the treasure hunting community.
Adam is a Private Investigator and former Wilderness Guide with a passion for history and archaeology. With the skills, knowledge and gear, Adam is always eager to go on the next fortune seeking adventure and connect with fellow treasure hunters along the way.
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LET’S CONNECT AND FIND SOME TREASURE!
It’s always a pleasure to hear from a fellow treasure hunter, get in touch using the form below.
Whether you’re looking for someone to help with a treasure hunt, if you’ve got a story to tell, some vital information to share, feedback for Areas Grey, or if you just want to say “hi”, all emails are welcome!
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“I want to rekindle that forgotten sense of curiosity that we all seem to lose when we enter adulthood. The thought of discovering some physical link to that part of our imagination we deem as unrealistic or impossible is motivation enough to reassure myself that perhaps something greater beyond all expectation still exists out there waiting to be found.”
– Fernando S. Gallegos, 2016
Royston Cave: An Unexplained Enigma
- by Grey
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Latest Posts
THE BOSSALL TREASURE – An Armchair Treasure Hunt
- by Grey
THE BOSSALL TREASURE
An Armchair Treasure Hunt
Overview
In January 2014 Douglas George Pearson published an armchair treasure hunt book titled ‘The Bossall Treasure’. Unlike most armchair treasure hunt books this book was centred around Pearson’s own family history and their connection to a real life treasure of the Knights Templar!
The exciting real life story of Peason’s ancestors is complemented by the armchair treasure hunt scattered throughout the pages. Cryptic images which would lead a worthy treasure hunter to a precise location somewhere in England where Pearson had buried an ornate gold plated Lorraine cross.
After almost 10 years the Croix de Lorraine remained hidden despite the efforts of many armchair treasure hunt enthusiasts. That was until September 2021 when the clues were finally solved and the treasure was found!
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The Legend
While researching his family history Douglas Pearson was inspired to write The Bossall Treasure when he discovered that a distant relative, John Pearson who was the steward to Sir Robert Belt in the 1600’s was directly connected to a real life treasure legend which could be traced all the way back to the Knights Templar. The story of The Bossall Treasure is a rollercoaster and has everything from power plays, deceitful acts, murder, ambitious characters who will stop at nothing, political and religious differences and closely guarded family secrets.
The tale follows the Pearson family through the generations, their quest for justice after being denied the status of gentry which they firmly believed they deserved, and their connection to this treasure of the Knights Templar and covers its connection to the Freemasons and many historically significant characters such as Sir Robert Belt and the Belt family.
Other characters included in the story are Jaques de Morley the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, Elias Ashmole, a man who stopped at nothing and who’s enduring legacy is the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology in Oxford, Darley’s of Buttercrambe, well known members of the horse racing fraternity, the Read family of Sand Hutton, the Bawtry family, Charles I and Charles II.
This isn’t just a well researched and well written story you could read over and over for entertainment, it is also a book filled with clues leading people to find a gold Lorraine cross buried somewhere in England.
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The Treasure
While the Pearson legacy revolves around a real life treasure legend in which the ancestor John Pearson while working as the steward to Sir Robert Belt, Lord of the Manor of Bossall Hall near York during the civil war in the mid 1600’s conspired with Sir Robert Belt to hide a hoard of gold and silver plat in the moat surrounding Bossall Hall. It is said that later John Pearson returned to the moat and stole the treasures from the moat.
The prize of The Bossall Treasure armchair treasure hunt is a gold plated bronze Lorraine cross encrusted with jewels measuring approximately 75mm x 55mm. While the treasure may not be worth thousands, hundreds of thousands, or millions like some of the more well known armchair treasure hunts like the Thrill of the Chase this treasure will surely be a symbol of achievement and a conversation piece for whoever does find it for they will have solved a treasure hunt that has gone unsolved for almost a decade!
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The Clues
The Bossall Treasure book is 297 pages detailing the historical story of Pearson’s family history and their connection with a treasure legend. Tucked away in the eleven chapters of the book are 11 clues and puzzles which when solved would point someone directly to the location of a gold plated Lorraine cross which Pearson buried somewhere in England.
The puzzles & clues range in difficulty and complexity with some requiring some serious thought, but Pearson found a way to keep the puzzles engaging and challenging enough that you could spend days working on them and not give up out of frustration.
Pearson spent three years creating the book and the puzzles. With no one to test the clues on, Pearson needed to spend hours looking at other types of puzzles, brain teasers and even the solutions to Kit Williams’ treasure hunt Masquerade in order to gauge the difficulty levels of the clues.
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Conclusion
In 2020 The Bossall Treasure’s official website was shut down and Pearson had begun working on other projects. This didn’t deter some of the treasure seekers who had been on the case of the Bossall Treasure since it began in 2014 and rightfully so. Pearson was still accepting emails with proposed solutions for the treasure hunt.
Over seven years had passed and no one was close to solving the mystery of the Bossall Treasure hunt. That was until September 2021 when a small team of plucky treasure hunters including Lisa Finch, Robert Jenner, Nick Spera, and yours truly, finally cracked the Bossall Treasure after collectively trying for years.
The Solution
THE BOSSALL TREASURE SOLUTION
BY
NICK SPERA
The solution to The Bossall Treasure was divided into 11 chapters. Each chapter’s text and image either by itself or with info from a preceding chapter would give the reader one or more words that ultimately made up the solution to the puzzle. Here is the solution chapter by chapter and then at the end, how it ties into the final chapter text for a confirmer.
CHAPTER 1:
The solution for this chapter is used by taking the first letter of each component of the image which is backed by the chapter text. We have a map of Lombardy, which is the origin of the Belt family. Next is the Arms of the Medici Family. After that, we have the Indenture or Deed. Finally, the image shows York Minster. All 4 components are then used with their first letter: Lombardy Arms Deed York
The clue derived from Chapter 1 is LADY
CHAPTER 2:
The solution for this chapter is solved almost the same as the first chapter. You again use the first letter of all the image components. We have a Graveyard, the arms of Robert, Elias Ashmole, two chests, and Queen Elizabeth. The first letters of each image component are used to then spell a word: Graveyard Robert Ashmole Chests Elizabeth
The clue derived from Chapter 2 is GRACE
CHAPTER 3:
The solution for this chapter deals with a grid full of letters and 3 images. The reader will learn about the characters’ trip, who they meet, and the treasure they carry to identify the 3 pictures in the image. The 3 images are London, Renzo, and Plate. The solver is to then spell those three words by eliminating letters from the letter grid. They should also notice all three of those words are spelled with letters from the inner box of the grid. To help the solver, the first letter of each of those 3 words were colored red. After eliminating the letters of those 3 words, now match each letter to the letter next to it in the outer box by going through the same order again: LONDON RENZO PLATE. The letters on the outer box next to each will spell WORD CHAPTER THREE. Now, notice next to each letter that started the original three words: L, R, P; there is a number. Going in order, the solver will get 833. The last thing to do is to count the 833rd word of Chapter 3. That word is “Cross”.
The clue derived from this chapter is CROSS.
CHAPTER 4:
The solution for this chapter is solved by using the dates of the six events in the image (gravestones) and then number/letter subbing them to the alphabet. The solver only needs to use the day, not the month or year. In the text, the author changed one of the dates to alert the reader of the potential clue. All the reader needs to do is go by the days on the headstones in the image. Those numbers are: 9th, 4th, 18th, 21st, 5th, 2nd. Subbed to letters in the alphabet gives the letters I D R U E B. Those letters are an anagram to the word: Buried.
The clue derived from this chapter is BURIED
CHAPTER 5
The solution to this chapter is solved by using the image. The image shows Selby Abbey, a market cross scene, and a map in the background. The key is to look at how the cross on top of the market cross is shaded so it overlays perfectly onto the map. By doing this, it looks like it’s a symbol for a church on that map. Next to the cross are the words “on the marsh”.
The clue derived from this chapter is ON THE MARSH
CHAPTER 6
The solution to this chapter is solved with a shift cipher and then anagram. Use the first letter of each characters first name and shift it so A=O. If you use the order from left to right on the page, the answer will still be jumbled, but if you can see pretty easily the jumbled letters will spell the word Opposite.
The clue derived from this chapter is the word OPPOSITE
CHAPTER 7
The solution to this chapter is solved by viewing the image and using the components to create 3 words. From the text we know Picklington lives in Micklegate York. The text states it’s the south gate of the city. In the image we have a map of York with an arrow pointing to its southern “gate”. The last component is John Anstis in the image, who has the meeting at Mickelgate in the chapter. John Anstis is an anagram for Saint John’s. This anagram is used along with “gate” derived from the arrow indicator.
The clue derived from this chapter is SAINT JOHN’S GATE
CHAPTER 8
The solution to this chapter has a short and long way to solve the puzzle. Once again, there is a grid with letters and numbers. This is the first chapter that uses a piece from an earlier chapter that helps align the numbers. The short way to solve this puzzle is to ignore the numbers completely and attempt to anagram the letters to get the term EIGHTY FIVE FT.
The longer way involves the numbers and three marriage dates that are mentioned in the chapter Those dates are: 14th February 1687, 19th May 1710, and 20th July 1719. The solver should notice that 14, 19, and 20 are all numbers in the grid. The key is to solve the puzzle using multiplication to arrive at the other numbers. The pattern is Day= x1, Month= x2, Year is split into two numbers and the first number is x3 and the second is x4. Here is an example of the first marriage date of 14th February 1687: 14×1=14 2×2=4 16×3=48 87×4=384. The solver will now notice all the resulting numbers appear in the grid. Do the same process with the other two marriage dates. By using the letters adjacent to those numbers using the dates in that order, it will spell EIGHTY FIVE FT.
The clue derived from this chapter is EIGHTY FIVE FT
CHAPTER 9
The solution from this chapter is solved with the image and some text in the beginning of the chapter. The chapter describes Belt looking at a document the in the morning. His desk had a window that looked true south over the hills. The image shows the character looking up from the document and out the window. There is also a compass in the corner. Compasses usually denote North if they only show one direction. However, this one shows South. The reader at this time should gather that the clue is True South. The clock shows 2:42. This doesn’t match the time of day the character is sitting at his desk. The key is to understand the difference between True South and Magnetic South. If one looks at the publication of the book which is 2012 and checks the declination between True South and Magnetic South at that point in time, they will see that it is 2 degrees 42 minutes. This is used later on with the final walking steps to the burial of the treasure along with Ch 10’s solution to confirm
The clue derived from this chapter is TRUE SOUTH
CHAPTER 10
The solution from this chapter is derived from the text and image. The image shows a compass with names as well as death years. The reader should notice also an arrow on the East direction of the compass, as well as numbers in the inner circle. The first step to solve the puzzle is to determine the order by matching the proper death year to the right name using Ch 10’s text. After that is complete it should look like this:
Elizabeth Cutler 1745
John Pearson 1781
William Read 1798
Elizabeth Pearson 1809
Henry Pearson 1810
Thomas Cutler Rudson Read 1838
Now that the order is established, line up the numbers in the inner circle with the name order shown above. The result will be 3 .6 6 5&5 20. The reader will notice the 3 . 6 is in blue. Leave these as is. The black numbers are then number/letter subbed to the word FEET. Now combine it with the 3.6 and the arrow indicating East to get 3.6 FEET EAST. The 3.6 feet east is the difference between walking 85ft true south from the gate and walking magnetic south 85ft and then turning east and walking 3.6 feet. The 3.6 feet covers the declination between the two at the 85ft mark at time of the burial of the cross.
The clue derived from this chapter is 3.6 FEET EAST
CHAPTER 11
The solution from this chapter is gained from the family tree in the image along with confirmation from the text. The Pearson’s from this chapter have 8 children but only six of them survive. In the family tree, if you take the first letter of the names of children who survived, you get the word LYTHAM.
At this point you have all the clues solved and should have this message:
LADY GRACE CROSS BURIED ON THE MARSH OPPOSITE ST JOHN’S GATE EIGHTY FIVE FT TRUE SOUTH 3.6 FEET EAST LYTHAM.
The image for chapter 11 also confirms the area by showing St Johns the Divine Church and Lytham Marsh. The BOTG portion would be to stand at the center of the gate of St John’s, and face magnetic south. Walk 85ft in that direction. Then turn east and walk 3.6 feet. That was the burial location of the cross. One could also just walk true south from the gate, which is about 171 deg bearing. This is also confirmed in the text of Ch 11 where it describes the cross being buried in the passage below where the character realizes the curse the cross brings and how he wishes to rid himself of it.
“He entered the Church (St John’s) and took a moment to pray for less troubled times and the new life he was to embark on. On his way out, he walked slowly down the path and he paused under the lichgate. He then continued onto the marsh and paused again, re-affirming to himself his intention for a change of fortune.”
This concludes the solution for the Bossall Treasure. A big thanks to my team of Robert, Lisa, and Adam. Another big thanks to Doug Pearson for creating the hunt that stood the test of time unsolved for almost a decade. I hope you enjoyed reading the solution and that it answers your questions.
Sadly, while writing this post I was informed that Douglas G Pearson had passed away.
Douglas G Pearson made a huge impact on our lives, his book The Bossall Treasure is what brought our little team together, making friends for life. He gave us an adventure, a treasure, a story to tell, but most of all ignited the imagination and inspired not just us but countless others to challenge ourselves and dare to dream.
He will be sorely missed, but never forgotten by the community he touched with his creativity.
Sources & References
Information for this article has been provided by various sources and are referenced here:
Primary Source: Atlantis of the Sands – Wikipedia
REFERENCES:
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- “Atlantis: The Lost Empire”. IMDb.
- “Atlantis: Milo’s Return”. IMDb.
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- Fiennes, Ranulph (1993). Atlantis of the sands: The Search for the Lost City of Ubar. Harmondsworth: Signet Books. ISBN 0-451-17577-8. OL 17393459M.
- Glassé, Cyril; Huston Smith (2003). “ʿĀd”. The New Encyclopedia of Islam (Revised ed.). AltaMira Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0759101906.
- Clapp, Nicholas (1999). The road to Ubar: Finding the Atlantis of the Sands. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-395-95786-8. OCLC 41557131.
- Zarins, Juris (May–June 1997). “Atlantis of the Sands”. Archaeology. Vol. 50 no. 3. New York: Archaeological Institute of America. pp. 51–53. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- Andy in Oman. “Is “The Lost City of Ubar” Found or Still Lost?!”. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- Thomas, Bertram (1933). “Ubar – the Atlantis of the sands of the Rub’ al Khali”. Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society. Royal Society for Asian Affairs. 20 (2): 259–265. doi:10.1080/03068379308725252.
- Lawrence, T. E. (1964). The letters of T.E. Lawrence. London: Spring Books. OL 17198428M.
- Thesiger, Wilfred (October–December 1946). “A New Journey in Southern Arabia”. The Geographical Journal. Royal Geographical Society. 108 (4/6): 135. doi:10.2307/1789822. JSTOR 1789822.
- Morton, Michael Quentin (2006). In the Heart of the Desert (2nd ed.). Aylesford, Kent, UK: Green Mountain Press. ISBN 0-9552212-0-X. OL 24229851M.
- Phillips, Wendell (June 1972). Unknown Oman. Librairie Du Liban Publications. ISBN 978-0-86685-025-4. OL 9339953M.
- “The lost city of Ubar”. Islam 101. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
- Thomas, Bertram (September 1931). “A Camel Journey Across the Rub al-Khali”. The Geographical Journal. Royal Geographical Society. 78 (3): 209–38. doi:10.2307/1784895. JSTOR 1784895.
- Wynn, Jeffrey C.; Shoemaker, Eugene M. (November 1998). “The Day the Sands Caught Fire” (PDF). Scientific American. Springer Nature. pp. 64–71. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- Edgell, H. Stewart (2004). “The myth of the lost city of the Arabian Sands”. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. Archaeopress. 34: 105–120. JSTOR 41223810.
- Stark, Freya (1936). The southern gates of Arabia. New York: E. P. Dutton. OCLC 557374. OL 6342012M.
- Zarins, Juris (September 1996). “Interview with Dr. Juris Zarins”. PBS Nova Online (Interview). Retrieved 27 June 2013.
- Zarins, Juris (2000). Bawden, Garth; Reycraft, Richard Martin (eds.). “Environmental disruption and human response: an archaeological-historical example from south Arabia”. Environmental Disaster and the Archaeology of Human Response. Anthropological papers. Albuquerque, NM: Maxwell Museum of Anthropology. 7: 35–49. OCLC 45708208.
- Blom, Ronald G.; Crippen, Robert; Elachi, Charles; Clapp, Nicholas; Hedges, George R.; Zarins, Juris (2006). Wiseman, James; El-Baz, Farouk (eds.). “Southern Arabian Desert Trade Routes, Frankincense, Myrrh, and the Ubar Legend”. Remote Sensing in Archaeology. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. New York: Springer: 71–87. doi:10.1007/0-387-44455-6_3. ISBN 978-0-387-44455-0. S2CID 128081354.
- Lawton, John (May–June 1983). “Oman: Frankincense”. Saudi Aramco World. Vol. 34 no. 3. pp. 26–27. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
- Kakutani, Michiko (27 February 1998). “Stumbling Upon the Desert’s Secret”. The New York Times. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- Groom, Nigel (August 1994). “Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy’s map”. Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy. Blackwell Publishing. 5 (3): 198–214. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0471.1994.tb00067.x.
- Groom, Nigel (Spring 2000). “The Road to Ubar—Pros and Cons”. Bulletin of the Society for Arabian Studies. Society for Arabian Studies. 5: 42–43.
- Jones, Barri (July–August 1992). “On the Incense Trail” (PDF). Minerva. Vol. 3 no. 4. Myles Poulton. p. 17. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- “Information on tentative lists and examination of nominations of cultural and natural properties to the List of World Heritage in Danger and World Heritage List” (PDF). UNESCO.org. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- Sasson, Jack M., ed. (1994). Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. London: Hendrickson Publishers. p. 1351.
Other sources of information:
Bertram Thomas: Bertram Thomas – Wikipedia
Major Wilfred Thesiger: Wilfred Thesiger – Wikipedia
The Road to Ubar – Finding the Atlantis of the Sands by Nicholas Clapp: http://thereaderdiary.blogspot.com/2011/01/
Wadi Rum: Wadi Rum – Wikipedia
Nizwa: Nizwa – Wikipedia
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Written By
ADAM L C
Director of Areas Grey
Adam is an avid treasure hunter, seeker of adventure and the creator of Areas Grey. After travelling for almost half his life and cataloguing over 100 treasure legends along the way. He decided this was simply far too much treasure for one person to chase! As a result he created Areas Grey so he could share his stories, connect with other treasure hunters and put a little more adventure in the lives of the treasure hunting community.
Adam is a Private Investigator and former Wilderness Guide with a passion for history and archaeology. With the skills, knowledge and gear, Adam is always eager to go on the next fortune seeking adventure and connect with fellow treasure hunters along the way.
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AMARO PARGO’S – Missing Treasure Chest
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AMARO PARGO’S
Missing Treasure Chest
Overview
One of the most renowned corsairs in Spain during the Golden Age of Piracy, Amaro Pargo was seen as the Spanish equivalent of Francis Drake, dominating the route between Cádiz and the Caribbean from 1701 to 1727 attacking ships belonging to enemies of Spain.
He lived a prosperous life, he died a very rich man on October 4th 1747 and was buried with a marble headstone engraved with the family shield, under the shield, a skull on cross bones, winking with its right eye.
In his last will and testament he wrote that he had left a box in his cabin containing precious jewels, gold, silver, pearls, satins and more. The entire box’s contents were itemised in a book wrapped in parchment and marked with the letter “D”. However, the book and the box have never been found.
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The Legend
Born Rodriguez Felipe in San Cristóbal de La Laguna, on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands) on 3 May 1678 to Juan Rodriguez Felipe and Beatriz Tejera Machado, affluent property owners of San Cristóbal de La Laguna who lived in the Plaza de San Cristóbal in La Laguna, where Rodriguez Felipe would grow up before becoming Amaro Pargo.
In 1701 Rodriguez boarded a galley ship of the King of Spain named the Ave Maria, nicknamed La Chata as a second lieutenant. While on route between the Caribbean and Cadiz the ship was boarded by pirates. Amaro suggested to the captain that they stage a surrender deceiving the pirates and starting a battle which catches the pirates off-guard. The plan was a success and they emerged victorious from the battle. As a thanks, the captain gifted Amaro with his first ship with which he began his business activities as a trader and a corsair under a letter of marque from King Phillip V of Spain.
It is documented that Amaro Pargo Systematically attacked and looted enemy ships in his long 40 some year career in trading and as a corsair. His exploits were often rewarded by friendly captains and the kings of Spain. With his acumen for business as a merchant trader and his prevalent success at looting ships he was able to amass a massive amount of wealth which may well have made him the richest man in Tenerife. Some of those exploits for which he is known for are as follows:
In 1703 Amaro was captaining the Ave Maria y Las Ánimas, a frigate which was a part of the West Indies Fleet, a Spanish Treasure Fleet purposed for transporting a wide variety of goods including precious metals and gems from the America’s back to Spain.
In 1712 he captured an English Ship, the Saint Joseph. According to its captain, Alexander Westher, Amaro sacked the ship and seized its possessions.
By Royal Decree from Felipe V in 1719, Amaro was authorized to build a merchant ship of 58 guns in Campeche. In 1722 Amaro used the ship to approach and loot a Dutch ship, the Duyvelant before it became a part of the Navy in 1723.
In 1737 he was the owner of El Mercader de Canarias, a ship captained by John Plunket. He also had ownership shares with another merchant vessel of La Laguna, the Don Pedro Dujardin.
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The Treasure
After amassing a large fortune during his career Amaro Pargo had become one of the wealthiest people in the Canary Islands. Although he donated a large sum of his wealth to helping the people of Tenerife he still held a fortune and owned several properties and ships.
October 4th 1747 marked the passing of Amaro Pargo who died in his hometown of San Cristóbal de La Laguna on the island of Tenerife. According to records and documents regarding his funeral it was a “very solemn” event which captivated the entire community. During the process of transferring his body to the where he would be buried the funeral procession had to be stopped 8 times because of the crowds that had gathered in the streets to witness the event. When the procession finally reached its destination of the Santo Domingo de Guzmán Convent in La Laguna, Amaro was laid to rest in the family tomb where a large marble headstone was placed. The headstone was engraved with the family shield, and under it a skull winking with its right eye in front of two crossed bones.
A hearing was held for the reading of Amaro Pargo’s will which he had written up before his passing. At the time of his death his estate was substantial and all was due to be divided up amongst the heirs. At this time Manuel de la Trinidad Rodríguez had arrived in La Laguna to demand his share of his fathers estate. However, as the illegitimate son of Amaro Pargo and Josefa María del Valdespino of Cuba, he was denied by the rest of the heirs of Amaro’s estate, rejecting his claims that he deserved any part of the estate.
During the reading of the will there was one item which could not be inherited by the heirs. An entry in the will by Amaro stated that a large carved chest was kept in his cabin containing silver, gold, pearls, jewellery, precious stones, chinese porcelain, paintings, silks and other rich fabrics all of which of great value and each itemized in a book wrapped in parchment and marked with the letter “D”. However, the book was nowhere to be found and the location of his cabin unknown. As such, the treasure chest went unclaimed and has never been found.
Main commercial routes of the Spanish Empire with the Indies (in red). Amaro Pargo used the route that crossed the Atlantic and went to the Caribbean.
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The Clues
Many treasure hunters have searched for Amaro Pargo’s lost treasure chest over the centuries since. Many speculate as to where or what his “cabin” may have been or what the “D” on the parchment may have signified.
Many who have hunted for the lost treasure of Amaro Pargo believed it to have been in his home in Machado, El Rosario which has been looted many times over the years with no success.
Drone Footage of Casa de Amaro Pargo.
Other treasure hunters believed the “cabin” to be a cave known as the Cave of San Mateo in the Punta del Hidalgo hills northeast of Tenerife, where it is believed Amaro Pargo and his crew used the cave to store their loot from their many ventures.
Despite all of the efforts over many years by countless treasure hunters, the treasure has never been found.
Map of the Canary Islands.
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Conclusion
This treasure legend is one that is backed by evidence in the form of Amaro Pargo’s own will stating that it existed, it’s contents would make any treasure hunter who was able to find it very wealthy and given its elusive nature over the centuries they would certainly go down in the history books for finding the carved treasure chest of Amaro Pargo.
Unfortunately, there is very little information available that can help locate the treasure which is likely why the treasure chest has never been found. What we know is that there should be a book wrapped in parchment and a letter “D” written on it. What the “D” represents is unknown.
Perhaps this book contains the whereabouts of the treasure chest. While it is likely the book and its contents have been lost to time since Amaro Pargo’s death in 1747 we can still hold out a little hope that it may one day be found tucked away in a safe place and that it may tell us where we can find this legendary treasure or the “cabin” in which it is kept.
The Exhumation of the Tomb Of Amaro Pargo for the Assassin’s Creed IV: Black Flag by Ubisoft.
Sources & References
Information for this article has been provided by various sources and are referenced here:
Primary Source: Amaro Pargo – Wikipedia
Bibliography:
- García Barbusano, Domingo (2004). El corsario Amaro Pargo. Excmo. Ayuntamiento de La Laguna. ISBN 978-84-88919-86-1.
- Frers, Ernesto (2008). Más allá del Legado Pirata. Robinbooks. ISBN 978-84-7927963-9.
- Reina Moreno, Pompeyo (2013). El Sarcófago de las tres llaves. La leyenda del tesoro del corsario Amaro Pargo. Idea. ISBN 978-84-9941-961-9.
- Rivero, Balbina (2014). Amaro Pargo, el pirata de Tenerife. Colección Yorca. ISBN 978-92-10-08678-3.
- Macías Martín, Francisco (2015). El corsario de Dios. Documentos sobre el corsario Amaro Rodríguez Felipe (1678–1747). Viceconsejería de Cultura y Deportes del Gobierno de Canarias. ISBN 978-84-7947-637-3.
- Pallés Darias, Beatriz (2016). Amaro Pargo. Caballero de los mares. Le Canarien Ediciones. ISBN 978-84-946282-2-1.
Other sources of information:
San Cristóbal de La Laguna: Wikipedia
Tabo A Babor: https://www.todoababor.es/historia/amaro-pargo-corsario-de-las-canarias/
Blog Cátedra de Historia y Patrimonio Naval: https://blogcatedranaval.com/2014/02/02/amaro-pargo-el-pirata-espanol-y-su-leyenda/
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Written By
ADAM L C
Director of Areas Grey
Adam is an avid treasure hunter, seeker of adventure and the creator of Areas Grey. After travelling for almost half his life and cataloguing over 100 treasure legends along the way. He decided this was simply far too much treasure for one person to chase! As a result he created Areas Grey so he could share his stories, connect with other treasure hunters and put a little more adventure in the lives of the treasure hunting community.
Adam is a Private Investigator and former Wilderness Guide with a passion for history and archaeology. With the skills, knowledge and gear, Adam is always eager to go on the next fortune seeking adventure and connect with fellow treasure hunters along the way.
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
CodeBar Podcast
Join Robert, host of the CodeBar Live podcast and journey into the greatest treasure legends, armchair treasure hunts, codes, ciphers, puzzles, escape rooms, ARG’s, puzzle boxes & more!
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Subscribe
Get Free Priority Access To Treasure News, Giveaways, And More!
*By subscribing to the newsletter you are agreeing to the terms of the Privacy Policy
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LET’S CONNECT AND FIND SOME TREASURE!
It’s always a pleasure to hear from a fellow treasure hunter, get in touch using the form below.
Whether you’re looking for someone to help with a treasure hunt, if you’ve got a story to tell, some vital information to share, feedback for Areas Grey, or if you just want to say “hi”, all emails are welcome!
GET IN TOUCH
CodeBar Live Show 20 – The Lost George Ward Episode (10 months late)
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